In 2001-2009 - Vice President for Russia/New Independent States Programs at the Nuclear Threat Initiative. Ms. Holgate joined NTI after serving in a number of senior positions in the federal government. She managed the Cooperative Threat Reduction program at the U.S. Department of Defense, which provides assistance to Russia and the new independent states in securing and destroying excess nuclear, chemical and biological weapons and materials. She also served as director of the Office of Fissile Materials Disposition at the U.S. Department of Energy. Ms. Holgate has received numerous public service awards and is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Executive Board of Women in International Security.