“We should realize that the shale revolution, despite its name, did not start suddenly without any prerequisites. On the contrary, its foundation was laid by the US state policy in the late 1970s following the oil shocks. The US Government decided then to promote research to ensure national energy security including alternative production of oil and gas on the US territory. Moreover, special taxation of the oil and gas industry in the United States stimulates development of small innovative companies which initially became the drivers of the shale revolution”, – Andrey Shadurskiy, Senior Lecturer, Saint-Petersburg State University.