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¹26 (2004): Unmanned aerial vehicles: history, application, threat of proliferation and prospects of development, by M.Pavlushenko, G.Evstafiev, I. Makarenko. (in Russian).
The era of new military operations has come. This is closely connected to accelerated technical progress of all weapon systems and radical improvement of military characteristics.
One of such great technological advances in the field of military operations is development and application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). They are used for a wide range of military tasks: strategic, operational and tactic ones. At the same time, wide spread of unmanned aerial vehicles can present a real danger of terrorist acquiring these technologies and using them for their purposes.
A new PIR Center study paper "Unmanned aerial vehicles: history, application, threat of proliferation and prospects of development" is a historic survey of UAV development and methods of their application. The authors analyze an impact of UAV proliferation and evaluate their potential threat to international security and Russian national security.
¹25 (2004): The Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime, Present and Prospects.
In his new study, Ambassador Roland Timerbaev deals with different problems
facing the nonproliferation regime today and makes some practical
suggestions that may help the Conference to reach a successful conclusion.
In order to introduce readers to the complex nature of the Treaty
provisions, the study starts with a short description of the history of NPT
negotiations; describes the major achievements of the regime; analyses the
major global problems that the world community faces today in the field of
nuclear nonproliferation; discusses grave challenges to the international
nonproliferation regime posed by some countries; and concludes that there is
no need whatsoever for any radical changes or reforms of the regime, or, for
that matter, for any new nonproliferation strategies.
¹24(2003): The Chemical Weapons Convention: Problems and Prospects, by Dr Natalya Kalinina. (in Russian).
Six years have passed since Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction (CWC) entered into force. The time has come to evaluate its achievements during this period.
So did the Convention become an effective mechanism for the liquidation of CW? Was it possible to achieve universality and create reliable verification measures? What are the key issues that must be addressed in order to strengthen the role of the CWC in averting the proliferation of CW and the fall of this type of weapon into the hands of new states and terrorists? This volume of Study Papers named "The Chemical Weapons Convention: Problems and Prospects" is dedicated to answering these questions as well as many others.
No. 23 (2003): Research Centers and Nongovernmental Organizations Working in the Area of Nonproliferation of WMD, Arms Control, and Disarmament, compiled by Roland Timerbaev, Anton Khlopkov. (In Russian).
This publication contains information on each organization’s key areas of operation, structure and composition, major programs and projects, educational activities, main publications, development plans, and contact persons. The book is intended to improve interactions as well as the exchange of experience and information among NGOs.
No. 22 (2003): International Control of Atomic Energy, by Roland Timerbaev. (In Russian).
The prospects have emerged for mankind of even more radical reductions of nuclear weapons. However, the threats posed by atomic energy to humanity still remain if not stronger. Therefore it is necessary to reconsider the progress made and assess the prospects for further development of international control of atomic energy to ensure that this great discovery of human genius will never be used as an instrument of destruction. This book is dedicated to this task.
No. 21 (2002): Terrorism in a Metropolis: Assessment of Threats and Security, edited by Vladimir Dvorkin. (In Russian).
This publication is a comprehensive analysis of problems associated with counter-terrorism in a metropolis. The publication studies the critical infrastructure of a metropolis in terms of its vulnerability to terrorist attacks, including with the use of weapons of mass destruction, describes the types of terrorist acts, and summarizes terrorist tactics.
No. 20 (2002): Super Terrorism: The New Challenge for the New Century, edited by Alexander Fedorov. (In Russian).
The ideas and beliefs of terrorism undergo change. The organizational structure of terrorist organizations changes as well, while the use of high technologies becomes wider. Terrorist organizations acquire new weapons that allow conducting military-like operations. The threat of the most terrible weapons, including WMD, is becoming real. This publication studies the transformation of terrorism into “super terrorism” aimed at a maximum possible damage and mass killings.
No. 19 (2002): Cooperation for Global Security, edited by Yury Fedorov. (In Russian).
What financial and other resources are needed to minimize and completely avoid the threat of the WMD spread from Russia? Is Russia capable of allocating its own resources or does it need foreign assistance? What problems and challenges are now on the way to international support for Russia? What should be done to overcome them? The answers to these and other questions of practical importance are given in this publication.
No. 18 (2001): Iran’s Nuclear Program in Soviet-American Relations, by Anton Khlopkov. (In Russian).
This publication describes the history and development of Iran’s nuclear program and evaluates its research and technological capabilities. The author analyzes Russian-Iranian cooperation in the nuclear sphere and its effect on Tehran’s nuclear program, evaluates U.S. measures to prevent Russian-Iranian cooperation, and discusses the efforts made by the Clinton administration in this area.
No. 17 (2001): Proliferation and Nonproliferation in South Asia: Status and Outlook, by Roland Timerbaev, Alexander Shilin, Vitaly Fedchenko. (In Russian).
The authors study the nonproliferation problem in South Asia, attempting to reveal the internal reasons for the crisis situation in this region, analyzing military strategic and geopolitical consequences of the appearance of new nuclear states, and presenting their views on the prospects for lessening nuclear confrontation within and around the region. The publication also analyzes the reasons for the escalation of arms race on the South-Asian subcontinent, as well as Russian-Indian cooperation concerning the peaceful use of atomic energy, prospects for its further development, and influence on the future of the international nonproliferation regime.
No. 16 (2001): Substrategic Nuclear Weapons and Russia’s Security, by Yury Fedorov. (In Russian).
The author discusses the problems associated with control over substrategic nuclear weapons and evaluates the policy of nuclear states, including Russia, regarding such weapons. In addition, the author considers the role of substrategic nuclear weapons in ensuring Russia’s military security.
No. 15 (2000): U.S. National Missile Defense: Consequences for Strategic Stability and Arms Control, edited by Ivan Safranchuk. (In Russian).
This publication prepared under the project Nuclear Arms Control is a collection of articles by Russian and foreign experts on major problems related to the U.S. plans on the national missile defense system. The issues raised include the impact of the U.S. National Missile Defense on strategic stability and the balance of power between Russia and the U.S.A., European allies’ attitude to the U.S. plans, consequences of the deployment of national missile defense for international relations, China’s approach to missile defense issues, and space militarization prospects.
No. 14 (2000): Russia’s Nuclear Policy: Challenges and Future, edited by Ivan Safranchuk. (In Russian).
This publication prepared by the PIR Center under The Future of Nuclear Power project is dedicated to the most difficult problems of Russia’s nuclear policy. Among others, it touches upon such subjects as the development of a uniform national nuclear policy, the composition and structure of strategic nuclear forces, current and future regional threats to Russia and capabilities for containing them with nuclear forces.
No. 13 (2000): Cooperative Threat Reduction Program: Evaluation and Outlook, edited by Ivan Safranchuk. (In Russian).
The authors analyze the main components of the Cooperative Threat Reduction program (CTR): elimination of strategic offensive weapons, including disposal of nuclear powered submarines; control, registration and physical protection of nuclear weapons; and elimination of chemical weapons stockpiles and production facilities. The publication also discusses the cooperation between the Russian State Customs Committee and the U.S. Department of Energy under the program Second Line of Defense.
No. 12 (1999): Russia and the 2000 Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty Review Conference, by Roland Timerbaev. (In Russian).
This publication prepared under the research project Russia Before the 2000 NPT Review Conference is focused on the analysis of Russia’s position on all key issues discussed at the April-May 2000 NPT Review Conference in New York.
No. 11 (1999): The 1995 Conference on Review and Extension of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty: Characteristics, Results, Lessons, by Vladimir Orlov. (In Russian).
This publication prepared under the research project Russia Before the 2000 NPT Review Conference is focused on analyzing and evaluating Russia's adherence to the decisions of the 1995 NPT Review and Extension Conference from 1995 through 1999, and making political proposals.
No. 10 (1999): The Future of Russia’s Nuclear Forces, by Ivan Safranchuk. (In Russian).
The report prepared based on the results of the PIR Center’s research project The Future of Nuclear Weapons and Russia’s Nuclear Forces contains a selection of data on the current state of the Russian strategic forces. The objective of this publication is to discuss the essential trends in development of Russian nuclear weapons during the period after the Cold War. The author presents assessments of Russian nuclear forces by 2004, 2008, and 2010 with regard for the history of START-II, nuclear triad development plans, etc. The report analyzes Russia’s modern nuclear policy, and proposes measures to be taken by the Russian government to optimize the management of the national nuclear arsenal at the present stage.
No. 9 (1998): Critical Export and Export Control in Russia, by Alexey Rey. (In Russian).
The author traces the evolution of the export control system in the USSR and Russia, analyzes its current state, and provides a series of recommendations for addressing the problem of critical export and export control in Russia. The author answers the questions about finding a better balance between centralization and decentralization in critical export, the place of export policy and critical export control in the national doctrine of industrial policy, the commercial factor’s impact on decisions regarding the export of critical goods and technologies.
No. 8 (1998): Iran’s Nuclear and Missile Programs and Russia’s Security: A Framework for Russian-Iranian Cooperation, by Ivan Safranchuk. (In Russian).
This publication analyzes Iran’s nuclear and missile programs with regard to Russian-Iranian cooperation and the international system of export control, and discusses the issues relating to Iran’s influence on Russia’s security, Iran’s nuclear weapons potential and delivery means, prospects for cooperation with Iran in this area and their significance for Russia.
No. 7 (1998): Military Reform and Civil Control over Armed Forces in Russia, edited by Yury Fedorov. (In Russian).
This publication pursues a double objective. First, it analyzes the reorganization of the Russian armed forces initiated in the summer of 1997 as well as preceding discussions, and assesses its compliance with the tasks of adapting the military machine to new national security needs and, which is equally important, economic capabilities of the country. Second, it discusses the main components of civil control over the armed forces and evaluates their implementation in present-day Russia. Especially valuable is the analysis of governmental agencies responsible for the management and control of the armed forces, and their capabilities for encouraging in-depth military reform.
No. 6 (1997): Gray Market of Weapons and Military Equipment in CIS Countries: Trends and Outlook, by Konstantin Makienko. (In Russian).
This publication is dedicated to the study of problems relating to semi-legal, so-called gray market of weapons in the CIS countries. It analyzes the changes in the military and political situation as well as in the system of international relations that have a direct or indirect effect on the expansion of the gray weapons market, makes a distinction between the gray and the legal market of weapons, and identifies trends in this area that lead to its criminalization.
No. 5 (1997): Parliamentary and Political Control Over Defense Budget. Openness and Security Dilemmas, by Igor Nikolaichuk, Viktor Tkachev. (In Russian).
With this publication, the authors tried to draw attention to the fact that the principles of the developing Russian civil society’s positive influence on such critical issue in survival and reform of armed forces as public financing had been seriously distorted because of internal political trends and general weakness of democratic institutions in this country. The publication uses a comparative approach to the analysis of parliamentary and political control over the defense budget. The authors provide recommendations for increasing the effectiveness and creating proper mechanisms of such control.
No. 4 (1997): Interaction Between Russia’s Legislature and Ministry of Defense, by Leonid Ivlev. (In Russian).
The author, based on a wide range of sources, sought to make an objective evaluation of the progress made by Russia from the system of ideological control over its armed forces by the Communist Party to establishing a framework for political control over the armed forces in the new Russia. The publication analyzes the regulatory framework for political control developed in Russia over the last years, describes in detail the history of relations between legislative and executive power as regards such control, defines the role of the legislature in developing Russia’s position on various aspects of arms control and policy in the area of international security.
No. 3 (1996): Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty at the Current Stage and Prospects for Its Sustainability, edited by Anatoly Shevtsov. (In Russian).
This publication is dedicated to the analysis of major problems discussed by the Permanent Advisory Committee established under the NPT, and the assessment of prospects for NPT sustainability. The authors discuss in detail the position of Ukraine regarding this issue and the outlook for Russian-Ukrainian cooperation in the area of nuclear nonproliferation.
No. 2 (1996): Limited Armed Conflicts and Russia’s Security, by Dmitry Evstafiev. (In Russian).
The author discusses the classification of limited armed conflicts, analyzes the nature of threats posed by such conflicts, the role of internal policy, the principles of decision-making, the role of armed forces as conflict participants. The author provides recommendations for optimizing the Russian defense system taking into account the threat of limited armed conflicts, and proposes to extend the national military doctrine with respect to Russia’s participation in limited armed conflicts and optimization of the Russian armed forces’ structure.
No. 1 (1996): The Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime and Security Guarantees for Non-Nuclear States, by George Bunn, Roland Timerbaev. (In Russian).
This study analyzes the origins of the problem concerning nuclear powers’ security guarantees for non-nuclear states, and the ways to address this problem in the context of the changing political climate and indefinite prolongation of the NPT. In conclusion, the study brings up the question about the international mechanism of support to security guarantees and strengthening the authority of such mechanism.
